Stock exchanges refer to a marketplace where securities/ stocks of publicly owned companies are traded. It is among the most significant investment markets in the world, with a combined market cap of more than 106 trillion USD. Millions of individuals (employees and investors) are associated with such a vast marketplace. Investing in stock markets needs knowledge about various factors, and knowledge about exchanges is crucial to that knowledge base. This article about the biggest stock exchanges in the world provides vital information about the most prominent stock exchanges.
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10 Biggest Stock Exchanges in the World in 2024
Although various aspects can be considered to gauge the size of a stock exchange, however market cap of a stock exchange is the yardstick for this article.
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1. New York Stock Exchange NYSE
The New York Stock Exchange is commonly and popularly known as NYSE. It tops the list of biggest stock exchanges in the world. Shares of various top companies are traded on the NYSE. It was established in New York, USA, in 1792. William Warts and Argent Memnay laid the foundation of the NYSE. As of August 2023, its total market capitalization is 25.06 trillion USD, and over 2300 companies are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Its headquarters is located in New York City. Some major companies listed on the NYSE are Microsoft Corporation, Apple Inc., NVIDIA Corporation, Alphabet Inc., Amazon.com Inc., etc.
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2. NASDAQ
The New York Technology Exchange, also known as NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations), is another significant and renowned stock exchange. It is by far the largest stock exchange in terms of active trading volume. It comes second in the list of biggest stock exchanges in the world. NASAQ specializes in trading shares of modern technology companies. It is the world’s first electronic exchange. As of August 2023, its total market capitalization was $21.79 trillion; more than 3300 companies are listed on NASDAQ. It was founded in 1971 by Bernard Madoff. Its headquarters is also situated in New York, USA. Apple, Alphabet C, Alphabet, Amazon, and Broadcom are the top listed companies on the NASDAQ.
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3. Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE)
The Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) plays a significant role in both Chinese domestic and international stock trading. SSE is the world’s third-largest stock exchange in terms of market cap. It was founded in 1990 in Shanghai, China. SSE is one of the three independently operating top stock exchanges in China. As of January 2023, its total market capitalization was $7.26 trillion. More than 2250 companies and more than 2300 securities are listed on SSE. Kweichow Moutai Co Ltd (A), Petro China, Bank of China, China Petroleum and Chemical, and China Citic Bank are the top listed companies on the SSE.
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4. Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE)
The Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) is one of the world’s largest and renowned stock exchanges. It is the fourth-largest stock exchange in the world. As of November 2023, TSE has a market cap of $5.904 trillion. It is a significant platform for Japan’s domestic market and international stock trading. Within this exchange, shares of various major companies from around the world are traded. It was established by the Japanese government in 1878 in Tokyo, Japan. More than 3900 companies are listed on the exchange. Toyota, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial, Tokyo Electron, Sony, and Keyence are the 5 top listed companies on TSE.
5. Euronext
Euronext is a professional stock exchange operating across multiple European countries, including the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Ireland, Norway, and Portugal. It was founded in the year 2000 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It offers a range of investment and financial services, such as trading securities, derivatives, options, and futures. Its market cap reached $5.44 trillion as of March 2023. Overall, more than 1400 companies are listed on the Euronext stock exchange. Louis Vuitton, ASML Holding, Merck and Co., Hermer Intl., and General Electric are the top listed companies in Euronext. The current CEO of Euronext is Stephane Boujnah.
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6. HKSE
The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited is a renowned and significant stock exchange located in the central district of Hong Kong. It is the sixth-largest stock exchange in the world. HKSE is the fastest-growing stock exchange in Asia. It hosts various business activities and facilitates the buying and selling of shares of different companies. Many companies from around the world, including those in finance, food, media, services, technology, and more, are registered on this exchange.
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As of 2023, more than 2600 companies were listed on this stock exchange with a market cap of $4.2 trillion. American Insurance Association (AIA), Hong Kong Exchanges and Cleaning, Bank of China (Hong Kong), Sun Hung Kai Properties, and Jardine Matheson are the top five listed companies in HKSE.
7. TSE
The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSE) is Canada’s largest and most significant stock exchange. It is the seventh-largest stock exchange in the world. It was established in 1861 in Toronto, Canada. TSE encompasses various market segments, including materials, technology, energy, and media. It provides investors with opportunities for diverse types of investments. Additionally, millions of dollars in cash transactions are conducted routinely on TSE. Moreover, detailed information regarding stocks of various companies, queries, and financial activities is readily available on TSE.
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By the end of 2023, around 3900 companies are listed on TSE with a market cap of $4.2 trillion. TSE’s top five listed companies are Royal Bank of Canada, Toronto Dominion Bank, Canadian Natural Resources Limited, Shopify Inc., and Canadian National Railway Company.
8. SZSE
Shenzhen Stock Exchange is commonly known as SZSE. It is the eighth-largest stock exchange in the world by market cap. It is the second-largest stock exchange in mainland China. It was established in 1990 in Shenzhen, southeastern China. The state of PRC wholly owns SZSE. As of July 2021, the market cap of SZSE was 3.90 trillion USD.
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The updated news of the market cap of SZSE was unavailable, so it is assumed that it must have crossed the $4 trillion mark by the end of 2023. Over 1900 companies are listed on SZSE. The top five companies listed on SZSE by market cap are Contemporary Amperex Technology Co, Wuliangye Yibin Co, BYD, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co, and Luzhou Laojiao Co.
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9. NSE
The National Stock Exchange of India, or Bombay Stock Exchange, is India’s largest and most important stock exchange. NSE plays a crucial role in India’s financial markets and overall economy. India is the world’s fastest-growing economy. Hence, it offers a variety of lucrative opportunities for investors worldwide. The nifty (Nifty 50, Nifty 500) indices series is famous among local investors.
It was established in 1992 in Mumbai, India. As of December 2023, NSE has around 2200 listed companies with a market cap of $3.5 trillion. Despite hosting relatively fewer international companies, this stock exchange has established regulations, such as allowing the trading of specific items for a designated period. Once the chosen duration expires or passes, trading is no longer permissible. Reliance Industries, Tata Consultancy Services, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, and Bharti Airtel are the top listed companies on the NSE.
10. LSE
The London Stock Exchange is a renowned name in the British share market and stands as the eighth-largest financial market globally. LSE is among the oldest stock exchanges in the world. It facilitates the trading of shares of numerous significant companies worldwide.
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It was established in the 17th century in London, United Kingdom. One of its notable features is adherence to financial regulations and systems. Significant transactions occur daily on this exchange, reflecting its prominence. In today’s era, online transactions are also possible on the London Stock Exchange, aiding in the ease of conducting various transactions. As of February 28, 2023, there were 727 companies registered on this exchange, with a total market capitalization of $3.18 trillion as of August 2023.
Bottom Line
To sum up, this article about the top 10 stock exchanges provides crucial information about the biggest exchanges in the world. Developed countries led by the US dominate the list. The top two stock exchanges belong to the US, and the combined market cap of these two stock exchanges comes near half of the total stock market cap of the world.
